{
 "publisher": "DroneLedger",
 "site": "https://droneincidents.com",
 "generated": "2026-10-12T23:28:09+00:00",
 "release": "20261012T232809959345-636050",
 "license": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "DroneLedger (droneincidents.com)",
  "excludes": "Quoted source passages and linked articles remain the copyright of their publishers; they are included as short quotations for verification. Fonts (SIL OFL) and map data (Natural Earth, public domain) keep their own terms. City and region names in automatically published dossiers are checked against GeoNames (geonames.org, CC BY 4.0). Drone drawings and animations are schematic illustrations of a type, not evidence about any incident."
 },
 "evidenceNote": "Each dossier separates three claims: drone presence, impact and attribution, each with its own evidence state and supporting sources. 'reported' means a source describes the claim without sufficient identification evidence; claims by parties to a conflict are never 'confirmed' on their own. Counts reflect dossiers in this curated archive, not all incidents worldwide.",
 "howToCite": "Cite the dossier URL and revision, e.g. DroneLedger, “Coalition reports incoming drones and cruise missiles over Saudi Arabia after weekend airport strikes”, dossier saudi-airports-weekend-attacks-2026-10-12, revision 7, updated 2026-10-12. https://droneincidents.com/incident/saudi-airports-weekend-attacks-2026-10-12/",
 "incident": {
  "id": "kleine-brogel-air-base-drones-2025-11-01",
  "title": "Repeated drone sightings over Belgium's Kleine Brogel air base; police investigate",
  "place": "Kleine Brogel air base, Peer, Limburg",
  "country": "Belgium",
  "countryCode": "BE",
  "date": "2025-11-01",
  "dateKind": "event",
  "scope": "wave",
  "category": "military",
  "droneStatus": "reported",
  "impactStatus": "unknown",
  "attributionStatus": "none",
  "lat": 51.0,
  "lon": 5.5,
  "locationPrecision": "region",
  "summary": "Drones were reported over the Kleine Brogel air base in north-east Belgium on the nights of 31 October and 1 November 2025. A helicopter and police vehicles pursued the drone on Saturday without success, and a drone jammer could not intercept it. Belgium's defence minister said it was not a simple overflight but a clear command targeting the base, and later described the flights as a spying operation. Police opened an investigation.",
  "impact": "No damage or injuries are reported in the cited sources. The sightings prompted an investigation by federal police and military intelligence and a proposed counter-drone package.",
  "evidence": "The defence minister said the base's detection system had registered multiple drones, and a federal police helicopter tried to track them. The account of the flights comes from the minister's statements and press reports; police have not released technical assessments of the devices or confirmed launch points.",
  "unknown": "The number of drones (reports range from one to three on Saturday evening), their type, who operated them and where they were launched from. No arrests had been announced by 2 November.",
  "attribution": "No one has been identified. The defence minister said the flights appeared to be a spying operation aimed at destabilising people and that they involved small and larger drones in two phases; authorities have not publicly attributed responsibility.",
  "sources": [
   {
    "label": "The Korea Times (Reuters report): Belgium investigating new drone sightings over military base",
    "url": "https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/world/20251102/belgium-investigating-new-drone-sightings-over-military-base",
    "published": "2025-11-02",
    "family": "belgian-defence-ministry"
   },
   {
    "label": "Defence Matters: Drones reported over Belgium's Kleine-Brogel air base; police deploy helicopter",
    "url": "https://defencematters.eu/drones-reported-over-kleine-brogel/",
    "published": "2025-11-02",
    "family": "belgian-defence-ministry"
   },
   {
    "label": "Associated Press via WSLS: Drone sightings force fresh flight cancellations at Belgium's main airport",
    "url": "https://www.wsls.com/news/world/2025/11/05/drone-sightings-force-fresh-flight-cancellations-at-belgiums-main-airport/",
    "published": "2025-11-05",
    "family": "belgian-defence-ministry"
   }
  ],
  "timeline": [
   {
    "date": "2025-10-31",
    "text": "A member of staff at the barracks reported a drone close to midnight; local police found no trace of the device or its pilot.",
    "source": 1
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-11-01",
    "text": "One to three drones were observed above the base at around 18:30; a police helicopter tried to track them without success.",
    "source": 1
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-11-02",
    "text": "The defence minister said police were investigating, that a jammer could not intercept the drone, and that it was a clear command targeting Kleine Brogel.",
    "source": 0
   },
   {
    "date": "2025-11-05",
    "text": "The minister said the flights came in two phases, small drones testing the frequencies used to jam them and then bigger drones on a different frequency.",
    "source": 2
   }
  ],
  "droneStatusSources": [
   0,
   1
  ],
  "impactStatusSources": [],
  "attributionSources": [],
  "droneTypes": [],
  "claims": [
   {
    "id": "drone-reports",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "The defence minister said the government received reports on Saturday of drones flying over the Kleine Brogel air base.",
    "quote": "The government received reports on Saturday of drones flying over the Kleine Brogel air base in north-east Belgium",
    "claimant": "Belgian Defence Minister",
    "originId": "belgian-defence-minister-2025-11-02",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Statement by the minister responsible for the base; it reports sightings, with no independent verification cited.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-12"
   },
   {
    "id": "ops-pursuit",
    "axis": "operations",
    "statement": "A helicopter and police vehicles pursued but failed to capture the drone, and a drone jammer could not intercept it.",
    "quote": "A helicopter and police vehicles pursued but failed to capture the drone, and a drone jammer was unable to intercept it, he said.",
    "claimant": "Belgian Defence Minister",
    "originId": "belgian-defence-minister-2025-11-02",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Describes the response; the devices and operators were not found.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-12"
   },
   {
    "id": "drone-detection",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "The minister said the base's detection system had registered multiple drones.",
    "quote": "said the base’s detection system had registered multiple drones and thanked on-site guards for their response",
    "claimant": "Belgian Defence Minister, via Defence Matters",
    "originId": "belgian-defence-minister-2025-11-02",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "A technical detection by the base, reported second-hand; detection records have not been published.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-12"
   },
   {
    "id": "ops-two-phases",
    "axis": "operations",
    "statement": "The minister said the drones flew in two phases, with small drones first testing the frequencies used to jam them.",
    "quote": "one involving small drones that tested the radio frequencies being used by Belgian security services to jam such flights",
    "claimant": "Belgian Defence Minister, via the Associated Press",
    "originId": "belgian-defence-minister-ap-2025-11-05",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "The minister's characterisation of the flights as a spying operation; not independently verified.",
    "sourceIndex": 2,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-12"
   },
   {
    "id": "attr-none",
    "axis": "attribution",
    "statement": "Authorities have not identified the operators or confirmed any recovered equipment.",
    "quote": "Authorities have not identified the operators and have not confirmed any recovered equipment.",
    "claimant": "Defence Matters",
    "originId": "defence-matters-2025-11-02",
    "relay": "direct",
    "assessment": "context",
    "note": "No attribution is made in the cited sources.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-12"
   }
  ],
  "review": "editor",
  "checkedAt": "2026-10-12",
  "autoCheckedAt": null,
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-12",
  "revision": 1,
  "corroboration": "curated",
  "labels": {
   "category": "Military site",
   "droneStatus": "Reported",
   "impactStatus": "Not established",
   "attributionStatus": "Not established"
  },
  "url": "https://droneincidents.com/incident/kleine-brogel-air-base-drones-2025-11-01/",
  "citation": "DroneLedger, “Repeated drone sightings over Belgium's Kleine Brogel air base; police investigate”, dossier kleine-brogel-air-base-drones-2025-11-01, revision 1, updated 2026-10-12. https://droneincidents.com/incident/kleine-brogel-air-base-drones-2025-11-01/",
  "history": [
   {
    "revision": 1,
    "date": "2026-10-12",
    "at": "2026-10-12T21:00:44.150+00:00",
    "note": "Curated dossier created after checking the cited sources line by line."
   }
  ]
 }
}