{
 "publisher": "DroneLedger",
 "site": "https://droneincidents.com",
 "generated": "2026-10-16T02:26:41+00:00",
 "release": "20261016T022641844182-b347e0",
 "license": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "DroneLedger (droneincidents.com)",
  "excludes": "Quoted source passages and linked articles remain the copyright of their publishers; they are included as short quotations for verification. Linked media and satellite images remain the rights holders' property; no image or video licence is granted by this dataset. Fonts (SIL OFL) and map data (Natural Earth, public domain) keep their own terms. City and region names in automatically published dossiers are checked against GeoNames (geonames.org, CC BY 4.0). Drone drawings and animations are schematic illustrations of a type, not evidence about any incident."
 },
 "assessmentNote": "DroneLedger assessment, not a finding. Editorial likelihood bands, not calibrated statistical confidence intervals. Unknown has no numeric probability. Outcomes are attributed reports; no totals or inference of intent from a hit.",
 "assessmentScale": {
  "version": "di-estimative-v1",
  "levels": {
   "almost_certain": {
    "low": 95,
    "high": 99
   },
   "very_likely": {
    "low": 80,
    "high": 95
   },
   "likely": {
    "low": 55,
    "high": 80
   },
   "roughly_even_chance": {
    "low": 45,
    "high": 55
   },
   "unlikely": {
    "low": 20,
    "high": 45
   },
   "very_unlikely": {
    "low": 5,
    "high": 20
   },
   "almost_no_chance": {
    "low": 1,
    "high": 5
   },
   "unknown": {
    "low": null,
    "high": null
   }
  }
 },
 "evidenceNote": "Each dossier separates three claims: drone presence, impact and attribution, each with its own evidence state and supporting sources. 'reported' means a source describes the claim without sufficient identification evidence; claims by parties to a conflict are never 'confirmed' on their own. Counts reflect dossiers in this curated archive, not all incidents worldwide. windowStart/windowEnd are reporting-window calendar bounds, not individual event days; legacy date remains the compatibility/sorting date for such records.",
 "locationNote": "lat/lon are the dossier's own approximate coordinates (see locationPrecision) and are empty when the incident location is unknown. referencePoint {lat, lon, level, name} is a display reference only: a fixed point in the named city (GeoNames), region (its administrative seat), sea or country (Natural Earth label point), derived at build time. It is not a geolocation, not an estimate of the incident location and may change when the dossier's place becomes more precise: reference point; incident location unknown.",
 "detailsNote": "media, operationalEffects, followUp and archiveEntity are editorial, source-indexed additions. Media is publisher-link only, has its own evidence status and never establishes drone presence or attribution. Debunked original-media links are removed; archived revisions omit media references. archivePattern is computed from mapped published event records at generated time, not a worldwide incident count. Null asOf means not established; publication time is not substituted.",
 "dataset": {
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "note": "Citable weekly snapshot (CSV + JSON) archived on Zenodo; this DOI always resolves to the latest version."
 },
 "howToCite": "Cite the dossier URL and revision, e.g. DroneLedger, “Wine Trader hit off Romania; president says drones struck the ship”, dossier wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15, revision 4, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15/",
 "incident": {
  "id": "jfk-airport-pilot-drone-report-2015-07-31",
  "title": "Pilot reports suspected drone during arrival at JFK",
  "place": "New York City",
  "country": "United States",
  "countryCode": "US",
  "date": "2015-07-31",
  "dateKind": "event",
  "scope": "single",
  "category": "airport",
  "droneStatus": "reported",
  "impactStatus": "unknown",
  "attributionStatus": "none",
  "lat": 40.71,
  "lon": -74.01,
  "locationPrecision": "region",
  "summary": "A pilot reported an object thought to be a drone during an arrival at John F. Kennedy International Airport on 31 July 2015. The airline said the flight landed without incident; the FAA was investigating.",
  "impact": "The reviewed account describes a normal landing without evasive action. It does not establish a collision, physical damage, injury or an airport closure. No operational impact total asserted.",
  "evidence": "ABC7 obtained a Delta spokesperson’s response and relayed the pilot report. Separate FAA account. These are different operational and regulatory statements about one reported encounter, not two independent technical identifications.",
  "unknown": "The source publication is Saturday 1 August; it explicitly describes the preceding Friday event. The coarse New York City marker and airport association do not locate a drone at the terminal or runway. Device model, identity and operator were not established, and the pilot said the type could not be determined. Later separate sightings are not merged or added to a device total. No flight positions, route or proximity estimate included.",
  "attribution": "No operator or responsible organisation established by the reviewed sources.",
  "sources": [
   {
    "label": "ABC7 New York: Delta statement and pilot report",
    "url": "https://abc7ny.com/post/faa-investigating-after-delta-pilot-reports-close-call-with-drone-before-landing-at-jfk-/896231/",
    "published": "2015-08-01",
    "family": "abc-news"
   },
   {
    "label": "CBS: FAA account",
    "url": "https://www.cbsnews.com/news/faa-to-investigate-drone-sighting-near-landing-plane-jfk-airport/",
    "published": "2015-08-01",
    "family": "cbs-news"
   }
  ],
  "timeline": [
   {
    "date": "2015-07-31",
    "text": "A pilot reported an object thought to be a drone during an arrival at John F. Kennedy International Airport on 31 July 2015. The airline said the flight landed without incident; the FAA was investigating.",
    "source": 0
   }
  ],
  "droneStatusSources": [
   0,
   1
  ],
  "impactStatusSources": [],
  "attributionSources": [],
  "droneTypes": [],
  "claims": [
   {
    "id": "airline-investigation",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "Delta said it was cooperating with the investigation of the crew report.",
    "quote": "We are investigating and cooperating fully with the Federal Aviation Administration",
    "claimant": "Delta Air Lines",
    "originId": "delta-jfk-20150731",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Short literal passage read on the public source page; reported drone presence is not technical identification.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-16",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   },
   {
    "id": "normal-landing",
    "axis": "impact",
    "statement": "Normal landing reported.",
    "quote": "landed safely",
    "claimant": "FAA",
    "originId": "faa-jfk-20150731",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "context",
    "note": "Short literal passage read on the public source page; reported drone presence is not technical identification.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-16",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   }
  ],
  "review": "editor",
  "checkedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "autoCheckedAt": null,
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-16",
  "revision": 1,
  "series": [],
  "windowStart": null,
  "windowEnd": null,
  "windowBasis": null,
  "assessment": null,
  "outcome": [],
  "assessment_scale_version": null,
  "assessment_operator_subject": null,
  "assessment_operator_level": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_low": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_high": null,
  "assessment_target_subject": null,
  "assessment_target_level": null,
  "assessment_target_range_low": null,
  "assessment_target_range_high": null,
  "assessment_droneType_subject": null,
  "assessment_droneType_level": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_low": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_high": null,
  "media": [],
  "operationalEffects": [],
  "followUp": [],
  "archiveEntity": {
   "key": "jfk-airport",
   "kind": "airport",
   "label": "John F. Kennedy International Airport",
   "sourceIndex": 0
  },
  "namedLocation": null,
  "publisherMedia": [],
  "archivePattern": {
   "asOf": "2026-10-16T02:26:41+00:00",
   "entityKey": "jfk-airport",
   "windows": [
    {
     "days": 30,
     "records": []
    },
    {
     "days": 90,
     "records": []
    }
   ],
   "note": "Only published archive records with an editorial entity mapping; unassigned records excluded. Not all real-world incidents or a common cause. No same-day matching."
  },
  "impactReports": [],
  "corroboration": "curated",
  "interceptionReported": {
   "evidenceState": "reported",
   "note": "Official aggregate claims, not independently verified kills. Parts are included only when explicitly sourced and sum to the reported total. Catalogue countermeasures are not incident evidence.",
   "counts": []
  },
  "referencePoint": null,
  "labels": {
   "category": "Airport disruption",
   "droneStatus": "Reported",
   "impactStatus": "Not established",
   "attributionStatus": "Not established"
  },
  "url": "https://droneincidents.com/incident/jfk-airport-pilot-drone-report-2015-07-31/",
  "citation": "DroneLedger, “Pilot reports suspected drone during arrival at JFK”, dossier jfk-airport-pilot-drone-report-2015-07-31, revision 1, updated 2026-10-16. https://droneincidents.com/incident/jfk-airport-pilot-drone-report-2015-07-31/",
  "history": [
   {
    "revision": 1,
    "date": "2026-10-16",
    "at": "2026-10-16T00:53:29.710+00:00",
    "note": "Curated dossier created after checking the cited sources line by line."
   }
  ]
 }
}