{
 "publisher": "DroneLedger",
 "site": "https://droneincidents.com",
 "generated": "2026-10-15T21:51:35+00:00",
 "release": "20261015T215135433783-da8a1a",
 "license": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "DroneLedger (droneincidents.com)",
  "excludes": "Quoted source passages and linked articles remain the copyright of their publishers; they are included as short quotations for verification. Linked media and satellite images remain the rights holders' property; no image or video licence is granted by this dataset. Fonts (SIL OFL) and map data (Natural Earth, public domain) keep their own terms. City and region names in automatically published dossiers are checked against GeoNames (geonames.org, CC BY 4.0). Drone drawings and animations are schematic illustrations of a type, not evidence about any incident."
 },
 "assessmentNote": "DroneLedger assessment, not a finding. Editorial likelihood bands, not calibrated statistical confidence intervals. Unknown has no numeric probability. Outcomes are attributed reports; no totals or inference of intent from a hit.",
 "assessmentScale": {
  "version": "di-estimative-v1",
  "levels": {
   "almost_certain": {
    "low": 95,
    "high": 99
   },
   "very_likely": {
    "low": 80,
    "high": 95
   },
   "likely": {
    "low": 55,
    "high": 80
   },
   "roughly_even_chance": {
    "low": 45,
    "high": 55
   },
   "unlikely": {
    "low": 20,
    "high": 45
   },
   "very_unlikely": {
    "low": 5,
    "high": 20
   },
   "almost_no_chance": {
    "low": 1,
    "high": 5
   },
   "unknown": {
    "low": null,
    "high": null
   }
  }
 },
 "evidenceNote": "Each dossier separates three claims: drone presence, impact and attribution, each with its own evidence state and supporting sources. 'reported' means a source describes the claim without sufficient identification evidence; claims by parties to a conflict are never 'confirmed' on their own. Counts reflect dossiers in this curated archive, not all incidents worldwide. windowStart/windowEnd are reporting-window calendar bounds, not individual event days; legacy date remains the compatibility/sorting date for such records.",
 "locationNote": "lat/lon are the dossier's own approximate coordinates (see locationPrecision) and are empty when the incident location is unknown. referencePoint {lat, lon, level, name} is a display reference only: a fixed point in the named city (GeoNames), region (its administrative seat), sea or country (Natural Earth label point), derived at build time. It is not a geolocation, not an estimate of the incident location and may change when the dossier's place becomes more precise: reference point; incident location unknown.",
 "detailsNote": "media, operationalEffects, followUp and archiveEntity are editorial, source-indexed additions. Media is publisher-link only, has its own evidence status and never establishes drone presence or attribution. Debunked original-media links are removed; archived revisions omit media references. archivePattern is computed from mapped published event records at generated time, not a worldwide incident count. Null asOf means not established; publication time is not substituted.",
 "dataset": {
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "note": "Citable weekly snapshot (CSV + JSON) archived on Zenodo; this DOI always resolves to the latest version."
 },
 "howToCite": "Cite the dossier URL and revision, e.g. DroneLedger, “Wine Trader hit off Romania; president says drones struck the ship”, dossier wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15, revision 4, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15/",
 "incident": {
  "id": "brunsbuettel-drone-investigation-2024-09-04",
  "title": "Brunsbüttel drone investigation reports mixed explanations",
  "place": "Brunsbüttel, Schleswig-Holstein",
  "country": "Germany",
  "countryCode": "DE",
  "date": "2024-09-04",
  "dateKind": "statement",
  "scope": "wave",
  "category": "infrastructure",
  "droneStatus": "inconclusive",
  "impactStatus": "unknown",
  "attributionStatus": "none",
  "lat": 53.9,
  "lon": 9.14,
  "locationPrecision": "region",
  "summary": "Schleswig-Holstein authorities reported on 4 September 2024 on an investigation into suspected drone activity around Brunsbüttel industrial infrastructure, following an initial report on 8 August.",
  "impact": "A police and prosecutorial investigation is documented. The cited sources do not establish damage, casualties or a shutdown of the industrial facilities.",
  "evidence": "The Interior Ministry supplies the police assessment; Deutschlandfunk separately quotes the Flensburg prosecutor confirming an investigation. WDR relays police reporting rather than a second independent identification. The later ministry account distinguishes misidentifications, identified commercial drones, and unresolved cases. It cannot support one uniform drone explanation for the entire series.",
  "unknown": "Which specific reports involved genuine drones, and their case-specific dates, operators and motives, remain unresolved here. Earlier Russian-espionage suggestions are not a proven attribution. This is one investigation-series entry, not separate invented incidents for the chemical park, LNG terminal and closed nuclear plant.",
  "attribution": "No operator or responsible organisation established by these sources; no criminal charge or conviction is asserted.",
  "sources": [
   {
    "label": "Schleswig-Holstein Interior Ministry: public report4September2024",
    "url": "https://www.schleswig-holstein.de/DE/landesregierung/ministerien-behoerden/IV/Presse/PI/2024/240904_IuR_Drohnen",
    "published": "2024-09-04",
    "family": "schleswig-holstein-government"
   },
   {
    "label": "Deutschlandfunk: prosecutor confirms investigation",
    "url": "https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/ermittlungen-wegen-drohnen-ueber-kritischer-infrastruktur-in-brunsbuettel-108.html",
    "published": "2024-08-22",
    "family": "deutschlandfunk"
   },
   {
    "label": "WDR via Tagesschau: police reports and initial investigation",
    "url": "https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/ndr-wdr/drohnen-spionage-sabotage-100.html",
    "published": "2024-08-23",
    "family": "wdr",
    "publishedAt": "2024-08-23T15:55:00+02:00"
   }
  ],
  "timeline": [
   {
    "date": "2024-08-08",
    "text": "The ministry dates the first sighting report to 8 August; this does not identify all later reports.",
    "source": 0
   },
   {
    "date": "2024-09-04",
    "text": "The ministry reports mixed explanations and unresolved cases in the investigation. The dossier date is this statement date.",
    "source": 0
   }
  ],
  "droneStatusSources": [
   0
  ],
  "impactStatusSources": [],
  "attributionSources": [],
  "droneTypes": [],
  "claims": [
   {
    "id": "mixed-outcomes",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "The ministry says some suspicious observations were ruled out as other objects.",
    "quote": "eine Vielzahl vermeintlich verdächtiger Wahrnehmungen sicher ausgeschlossen werden",
    "claimant": "Schleswig-Holstein Interior Ministry",
    "originId": "sh-interior-brunsbuettel-20240904",
    "relay": "direct",
    "assessment": "context",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   },
   {
    "id": "identified-drones",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "The ministry also reports identified commercial drones in some cases.",
    "quote": "In einigen Fällen wurden im freien Handel erhältliche Drohnen sicher detektiert und identifiziert.",
    "claimant": "Schleswig-Holstein Interior Ministry",
    "originId": "sh-interior-brunsbuettel-20240904",
    "relay": "direct",
    "assessment": "context",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   },
   {
    "id": "prosecutor-investigation",
    "axis": "impact",
    "statement": "A prosecutor spokesperson confirms opening an investigation.",
    "quote": "wurde ein Ermittlungsverfahren wegen des Verdachts der Agententätigkeit zu Sabotagezwecken eingeleitet",
    "claimant": "Flensburg prosecutor",
    "originId": "flensburg-prosecutor-20240822",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "context",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   }
  ],
  "review": "editor",
  "checkedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "autoCheckedAt": null,
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "revision": 1,
  "series": [],
  "windowStart": null,
  "windowEnd": null,
  "windowBasis": null,
  "assessment": null,
  "outcome": [],
  "assessment_scale_version": null,
  "assessment_operator_subject": null,
  "assessment_operator_level": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_low": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_high": null,
  "assessment_target_subject": null,
  "assessment_target_level": null,
  "assessment_target_range_low": null,
  "assessment_target_range_high": null,
  "assessment_droneType_subject": null,
  "assessment_droneType_level": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_low": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_high": null,
  "media": [],
  "operationalEffects": [],
  "followUp": [],
  "archiveEntity": {
   "key": "chemcoast-park-brunsbuettel",
   "kind": "infrastructure",
   "label": "ChemCoast Park Brunsbüttel",
   "sourceIndex": 0
  },
  "namedLocation": null,
  "publisherMedia": [],
  "archivePattern": null,
  "impactReports": [],
  "corroboration": "curated",
  "interceptionReported": {
   "evidenceState": "reported",
   "note": "Official aggregate claims, not independently verified kills. Parts are included only when explicitly sourced and sum to the reported total. Catalogue countermeasures are not incident evidence.",
   "counts": []
  },
  "referencePoint": null,
  "labels": {
   "category": "Critical infrastructure",
   "droneStatus": "Inconclusive",
   "impactStatus": "Not established",
   "attributionStatus": "Not established"
  },
  "url": "https://droneincidents.com/incident/brunsbuettel-drone-investigation-2024-09-04/",
  "citation": "DroneLedger, “Brunsbüttel drone investigation reports mixed explanations”, dossier brunsbuettel-drone-investigation-2024-09-04, revision 1, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/brunsbuettel-drone-investigation-2024-09-04/",
  "history": [
   {
    "revision": 1,
    "date": "2026-10-15",
    "at": "2026-10-15T19:27:31.369+00:00",
    "note": "Curated dossier created after checking the cited sources line by line."
   }
  ]
 }
}