{
 "publisher": "DroneLedger",
 "site": "https://droneincidents.com",
 "generated": "2026-10-15T21:51:35+00:00",
 "release": "20261015T215135433783-da8a1a",
 "license": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "DroneLedger (droneincidents.com)",
  "excludes": "Quoted source passages and linked articles remain the copyright of their publishers; they are included as short quotations for verification. Linked media and satellite images remain the rights holders' property; no image or video licence is granted by this dataset. Fonts (SIL OFL) and map data (Natural Earth, public domain) keep their own terms. City and region names in automatically published dossiers are checked against GeoNames (geonames.org, CC BY 4.0). Drone drawings and animations are schematic illustrations of a type, not evidence about any incident."
 },
 "assessmentNote": "DroneLedger assessment, not a finding. Editorial likelihood bands, not calibrated statistical confidence intervals. Unknown has no numeric probability. Outcomes are attributed reports; no totals or inference of intent from a hit.",
 "assessmentScale": {
  "version": "di-estimative-v1",
  "levels": {
   "almost_certain": {
    "low": 95,
    "high": 99
   },
   "very_likely": {
    "low": 80,
    "high": 95
   },
   "likely": {
    "low": 55,
    "high": 80
   },
   "roughly_even_chance": {
    "low": 45,
    "high": 55
   },
   "unlikely": {
    "low": 20,
    "high": 45
   },
   "very_unlikely": {
    "low": 5,
    "high": 20
   },
   "almost_no_chance": {
    "low": 1,
    "high": 5
   },
   "unknown": {
    "low": null,
    "high": null
   }
  }
 },
 "evidenceNote": "Each dossier separates three claims: drone presence, impact and attribution, each with its own evidence state and supporting sources. 'reported' means a source describes the claim without sufficient identification evidence; claims by parties to a conflict are never 'confirmed' on their own. Counts reflect dossiers in this curated archive, not all incidents worldwide. windowStart/windowEnd are reporting-window calendar bounds, not individual event days; legacy date remains the compatibility/sorting date for such records.",
 "locationNote": "lat/lon are the dossier's own approximate coordinates (see locationPrecision) and are empty when the incident location is unknown. referencePoint {lat, lon, level, name} is a display reference only: a fixed point in the named city (GeoNames), region (its administrative seat), sea or country (Natural Earth label point), derived at build time. It is not a geolocation, not an estimate of the incident location and may change when the dossier's place becomes more precise: reference point; incident location unknown.",
 "detailsNote": "media, operationalEffects, followUp and archiveEntity are editorial, source-indexed additions. Media is publisher-link only, has its own evidence status and never establishes drone presence or attribution. Debunked original-media links are removed; archived revisions omit media references. archivePattern is computed from mapped published event records at generated time, not a worldwide incident count. Null asOf means not established; publication time is not substituted.",
 "dataset": {
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "note": "Citable weekly snapshot (CSV + JSON) archived on Zenodo; this DOI always resolves to the latest version."
 },
 "howToCite": "Cite the dossier URL and revision, e.g. DroneLedger, “Wine Trader hit off Romania; president says drones struck the ship”, dossier wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15, revision 4, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15/",
 "incident": {
  "id": "ber-airport-drone-report-2026-09-23",
  "title": "Reported drone sighting briefly interrupts Berlin Brandenburg flights",
  "place": "Schönefeld, Brandenburg",
  "country": "Germany",
  "countryCode": "DE",
  "date": "2026-09-23",
  "dateKind": "event",
  "scope": "single",
  "category": "airport",
  "droneStatus": "reported",
  "impactStatus": "confirmed",
  "attributionStatus": "none",
  "lat": 52.39,
  "lon": 13.5,
  "locationPrecision": "region",
  "summary": "Flight operations at Berlin Brandenburg Airport were temporarily suspended after a reported drone sighting on 23 September 2026.",
  "impact": "Reuters relays the airport spokesperson giving 20:20–21:05 local time and several diversions. Deutschlandfunk also reports a 45-minute interruption.",
  "evidence": "Two institutional origins are distinguished: the airport operator confirms the restriction, while federal police relay witness reports. Reuters credits Bild for both statements; Deutschlandfunk repeats the operator/police announcements. These publications do not provide two independent identifications of a drone. The incident is Wednesday 23 September, not the 24 September publication date.",
  "unknown": "Drone identity, responsible operator and motive are not established. This is separate from the 31 October 2025 BER closure. The municipal point is not a drone position.",
  "attribution": "No operator or responsible organisation established by these sources; no criminal charge or conviction is asserted.",
  "sources": [
   {
    "label": "Onvista / Reuters: airport and federal police statements to Bild",
    "url": "https://www.onvista.de/news/2026/09-24-kurzzeitig-drohnen-alarm-am-berliner-flughafen-ber-0-20-26556929",
    "published": "2026-09-24",
    "family": "reuters",
    "publishedAt": "2026-09-24T05:22:00+02:00"
   },
   {
    "label": "Deutschlandfunk: operator and police announce temporary interruption",
    "url": "https://www.deutschlandfunk.de/hauptstadtflughafen-ber-voruebergehend-wegen-drohne-lahmgelegt-102.html",
    "published": "2026-09-23",
    "family": "deutschlandfunk"
   }
  ],
  "timeline": [
   {
    "date": "2026-09-23",
    "text": "A reported sighting or alarm led to the documented airport restriction; see the source-bound claims and uncertainty below.",
    "source": 0
   }
  ],
  "droneStatusSources": [
   0
  ],
  "impactStatusSources": [
   0,
   1
  ],
  "attributionSources": [],
  "droneTypes": [],
  "claims": [
   {
    "id": "police-witnesses",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "Federal police relay multiple witness reports.",
    "quote": "mehrere Personen hätten eine Drohne am Flughafen gesichtet",
    "claimant": "Federal Police",
    "originId": "ber-police-20260923",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   },
   {
    "id": "closure-duration",
    "axis": "impact",
    "statement": "The airport/police announcement gives a45-minute interruption.",
    "quote": "Man habe die Sperrung nach 45 Minuten wieder aufgehoben.",
    "claimant": "BER operator and Federal Police",
    "originId": "ber-operations-20260923",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   }
  ],
  "review": "editor",
  "checkedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "autoCheckedAt": null,
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "revision": 1,
  "series": [],
  "windowStart": null,
  "windowEnd": null,
  "windowBasis": null,
  "assessment": null,
  "outcome": [],
  "assessment_scale_version": null,
  "assessment_operator_subject": null,
  "assessment_operator_level": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_low": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_high": null,
  "assessment_target_subject": null,
  "assessment_target_level": null,
  "assessment_target_range_low": null,
  "assessment_target_range_high": null,
  "assessment_droneType_subject": null,
  "assessment_droneType_level": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_low": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_high": null,
  "media": [],
  "operationalEffects": [],
  "followUp": [],
  "archiveEntity": {
   "key": "berlin-brandenburg-airport",
   "kind": "airport",
   "label": "Berlin Brandenburg Airport",
   "sourceIndex": 1
  },
  "namedLocation": null,
  "publisherMedia": [],
  "archivePattern": {
   "asOf": "2026-10-15T21:51:35+00:00",
   "entityKey": "berlin-brandenburg-airport",
   "windows": [
    {
     "days": 30,
     "records": []
    },
    {
     "days": 90,
     "records": []
    }
   ],
   "note": "Only published archive records with an editorial entity mapping; unassigned records excluded. Not all real-world incidents or a common cause. No same-day matching."
  },
  "impactReports": [],
  "corroboration": "curated",
  "interceptionReported": {
   "evidenceState": "reported",
   "note": "Official aggregate claims, not independently verified kills. Parts are included only when explicitly sourced and sum to the reported total. Catalogue countermeasures are not incident evidence.",
   "counts": []
  },
  "referencePoint": null,
  "labels": {
   "category": "Airport disruption",
   "droneStatus": "Reported",
   "impactStatus": "Confirmed",
   "attributionStatus": "Not established"
  },
  "url": "https://droneincidents.com/incident/ber-airport-drone-report-2026-09-23/",
  "citation": "DroneLedger, “Reported drone sighting briefly interrupts Berlin Brandenburg flights”, dossier ber-airport-drone-report-2026-09-23, revision 1, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/ber-airport-drone-report-2026-09-23/",
  "history": [
   {
    "revision": 1,
    "date": "2026-10-15",
    "at": "2026-10-15T19:19:51.469+00:00",
    "note": "Curated dossier created after checking the cited sources line by line."
   }
  ]
 }
}