{
 "publisher": "DroneLedger",
 "site": "https://droneincidents.com",
 "generated": "2026-10-15T21:08:41+00:00",
 "release": "20261015T210842010982-0330bb",
 "license": {
  "name": "CC BY 4.0",
  "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "attribution": "DroneLedger (droneincidents.com)",
  "excludes": "Quoted source passages and linked articles remain the copyright of their publishers; they are included as short quotations for verification. Linked media and satellite images remain the rights holders' property; no image or video licence is granted by this dataset. Fonts (SIL OFL) and map data (Natural Earth, public domain) keep their own terms. City and region names in automatically published dossiers are checked against GeoNames (geonames.org, CC BY 4.0). Drone drawings and animations are schematic illustrations of a type, not evidence about any incident."
 },
 "assessmentNote": "DroneLedger assessment, not a finding. Editorial likelihood bands, not calibrated statistical confidence intervals. Unknown has no numeric probability. Outcomes are attributed reports; no totals or inference of intent from a hit.",
 "assessmentScale": {
  "version": "di-estimative-v1",
  "levels": {
   "almost_certain": {
    "low": 95,
    "high": 99
   },
   "very_likely": {
    "low": 80,
    "high": 95
   },
   "likely": {
    "low": 55,
    "high": 80
   },
   "roughly_even_chance": {
    "low": 45,
    "high": 55
   },
   "unlikely": {
    "low": 20,
    "high": 45
   },
   "very_unlikely": {
    "low": 5,
    "high": 20
   },
   "almost_no_chance": {
    "low": 1,
    "high": 5
   },
   "unknown": {
    "low": null,
    "high": null
   }
  }
 },
 "evidenceNote": "Each dossier separates three claims: drone presence, impact and attribution, each with its own evidence state and supporting sources. 'reported' means a source describes the claim without sufficient identification evidence; claims by parties to a conflict are never 'confirmed' on their own. Counts reflect dossiers in this curated archive, not all incidents worldwide. windowStart/windowEnd are reporting-window calendar bounds, not individual event days; legacy date remains the compatibility/sorting date for such records.",
 "locationNote": "lat/lon are the dossier's own approximate coordinates (see locationPrecision) and are empty when the incident location is unknown. referencePoint {lat, lon, level, name} is a display reference only: a fixed point in the named city (GeoNames), region (its administrative seat), sea or country (Natural Earth label point), derived at build time. It is not a geolocation, not an estimate of the incident location and may change when the dossier's place becomes more precise: reference point; incident location unknown.",
 "detailsNote": "media, operationalEffects, followUp and archiveEntity are editorial, source-indexed additions. Media is publisher-link only, has its own evidence status and never establishes drone presence or attribution. Debunked original-media links are removed; archived revisions omit media references. archivePattern is computed from mapped published event records at generated time, not a worldwide incident count. Null asOf means not established; publication time is not substituted.",
 "dataset": {
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "url": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23345422",
  "note": "Citable weekly snapshot (CSV + JSON) archived on Zenodo; this DOI always resolves to the latest version."
 },
 "howToCite": "Cite the dossier URL and revision, e.g. DroneLedger, “Wine Trader hit off Romania; president says drones struck the ship”, dossier wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15, revision 4, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/wine-trader-fire-off-romania-2026-10-15/",
 "incident": {
  "id": "ber-airport-drone-report-2025-10-31",
  "title": "Drone report interrupts flights at Berlin Brandenburg Airport",
  "place": "Schönefeld, Brandenburg",
  "country": "Germany",
  "countryCode": "DE",
  "date": "2025-10-31",
  "dateKind": "event",
  "scope": "single",
  "category": "airport",
  "droneStatus": "reported",
  "impactStatus": "confirmed",
  "attributionStatus": "none",
  "lat": 52.39,
  "lon": 13.5,
  "locationPrecision": "region",
  "summary": "A reported drone sighting interrupted flight operations at Berlin Brandenburg Airport on 31 October 2025.",
  "impact": "The airport spokesperson told rbb 24 that flights stopped from about 20:00 until shortly before 22:00 local time; multiple arriving flights diverted. The police operation initially described by ORF lasted about 20:00–20:40, which is not the full airport-closure interval.",
  "evidence": "rbb 24 separately contacted the airport operator and Brandenburg Police. ORF relays police/agency reporting; that repeats the police origin for the sighting rather than independently identifying a drone. Airport disruption is independently acknowledged by the operator.",
  "unknown": "The drone type, operator and motive are not established. The police operation duration must not substitute for the airport closure duration. Schönefeld is a coarse municipality reference, not a drone position.",
  "attribution": "No operator or responsible organisation established by these sources; no criminal charge or conviction is asserted.",
  "sources": [
   {
    "label": "rbb24: airport interruption and airport/police interviews",
    "url": "https://www.rbb24.de/panorama/beitrag/2025/10/ber-flughafen-unterbrochen-drohne-polizei.html",
    "published": "2025-11-01",
    "family": "rbb"
   },
   {
    "label": "ORF / agencies: temporary closure after reported drone",
    "url": "https://orf.at/stories/3410201/",
    "published": "2025-10-31",
    "family": "dpa",
    "publishedAt": "2025-10-31T23:16:00+01:00"
   }
  ],
  "timeline": [
   {
    "date": "2025-10-31",
    "text": "A reported sighting or alarm led to the documented airport restriction; see the source-bound claims and uncertainty below.",
    "source": 0
   }
  ],
  "droneStatusSources": [
   0,
   1
  ],
  "impactStatusSources": [
   0
  ],
  "attributionSources": [],
  "droneTypes": [],
  "claims": [
   {
    "id": "airport-closure",
    "axis": "impact",
    "statement": "The airport operator reports an interruption approaching two hours.",
    "quote": "zwischen 20 Uhr und kurz vor 22 Uhr eingestellt gewesen",
    "claimant": "Berlin Brandenburg Airport",
    "originId": "ber-airport-20251031",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 0,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   },
   {
    "id": "police-sighting",
    "axis": "drone",
    "statement": "Police reported a patrol observation after a witness report.",
    "quote": "auch die Besatzung eines Funkstreifenwagens eine Drohne gesehen",
    "claimant": "Brandenburg Police",
    "originId": "brandenburg-police-20251031",
    "relay": "relayed",
    "assessment": "supports",
    "note": "Literal short passage checked in the original source; no independent confirmation inferred from republication.",
    "sourceIndex": 1,
    "quoteCheckedAt": "2026-10-15",
    "quoteTranslation": {}
   }
  ],
  "review": "editor",
  "checkedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "autoCheckedAt": null,
  "updatedAt": "2026-10-15",
  "revision": 1,
  "series": [],
  "windowStart": null,
  "windowEnd": null,
  "windowBasis": null,
  "assessment": null,
  "outcome": [],
  "assessment_scale_version": null,
  "assessment_operator_subject": null,
  "assessment_operator_level": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_low": null,
  "assessment_operator_range_high": null,
  "assessment_target_subject": null,
  "assessment_target_level": null,
  "assessment_target_range_low": null,
  "assessment_target_range_high": null,
  "assessment_droneType_subject": null,
  "assessment_droneType_level": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_low": null,
  "assessment_droneType_range_high": null,
  "media": [],
  "operationalEffects": [],
  "followUp": [],
  "archiveEntity": {
   "key": "berlin-brandenburg-airport",
   "kind": "airport",
   "label": "Berlin Brandenburg Airport",
   "sourceIndex": 0
  },
  "namedLocation": null,
  "publisherMedia": [],
  "archivePattern": {
   "asOf": "2026-10-15T21:08:41+00:00",
   "entityKey": "berlin-brandenburg-airport",
   "windows": [
    {
     "days": 30,
     "records": []
    },
    {
     "days": 90,
     "records": []
    }
   ],
   "note": "Only published archive records with an editorial entity mapping; unassigned records excluded. Not all real-world incidents or a common cause. No same-day matching."
  },
  "impactReports": [],
  "corroboration": "curated",
  "interceptionReported": {
   "evidenceState": "reported",
   "note": "Official aggregate claims, not independently verified kills. Parts are included only when explicitly sourced and sum to the reported total. Catalogue countermeasures are not incident evidence.",
   "counts": []
  },
  "referencePoint": null,
  "labels": {
   "category": "Airport disruption",
   "droneStatus": "Reported",
   "impactStatus": "Confirmed",
   "attributionStatus": "Not established"
  },
  "url": "https://droneincidents.com/incident/ber-airport-drone-report-2025-10-31/",
  "citation": "DroneLedger, “Drone report interrupts flights at Berlin Brandenburg Airport”, dossier ber-airport-drone-report-2025-10-31, revision 1, updated 2026-10-15. https://droneincidents.com/incident/ber-airport-drone-report-2025-10-31/",
  "history": [
   {
    "revision": 1,
    "date": "2026-10-15",
    "at": "2026-10-15T19:10:08.810+00:00",
    "note": "Curated dossier created after checking the cited sources line by line."
   }
  ]
 }
}